He said the images should be designed to appeal to emotions, rejecting government arguments that they should be purely factual. He accused the government of trying to use the labels to promote an “obvious anti-smoking agenda!”
The head of an anti-smoking group, the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, called the decision “wrong on the science and wrong on the law”.
About one-fifth of American adults smoke. The World Health Organization says tobacco kills nearly six million people worldwide each year. More than six hundred thousand of them are non-smokers who breathe other people’s tobacco smoke.
In Australia, tobacco companies want to stop what would be the world’s most restrictive laws on cigarette advertising. Cigarettes could be sold only in plain olive-green packages. Only t he brand name and health warnings could appear. The Senate passed the bill last week and sent it back to the Lower House to approve minor amendments (修正). The law is to go into effect in December of next year.
Tobacco companies say the legislation (法规) violates the Australian constitution. They say it would unjustly reduce the value of their brand names and trademarks. Health Minister Nicola Roxon says the government is ready for a legal fight.
68. What are the tobacco companies in the United States and Australia fighting against?
A. The requirements to sell fewer products to the public.
B. The requirements to print new warning labels on their products.
C. The measures to make their products more attractive.
D. The ways to make the companies close their business.
69. What warning label on cigarette packs is being used in the United States?
A. An image of a dead body. B. An image of diseased lungs.
C. Text of health warnings. D. Text of advertisements.
70. Which country has adopted color images showing the dangers of smoking as warning labels?
A. America. B. Australia.
C. Canada. D. Britain.
71. In 最新一年, what will Australian cigarettes probably look like?
A. Plain olive-green packages only with health warnings.
B. Plain olive-green packages only with the brand name and health warnings.
C. Plain packages with the brand name and health warnings.
D. Plain packages with color images of a dead body or diseased lungs.
E
Microwaves may be great at warming up food, but what about warming people?
Using microwaves to directly heat owners of a room would save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture. And despite popular ideas about microwaves, this technique would be safe, according to Charles R.Buffler of the Microwave Research Center in Marlborough, New Hampshire. He found that low-power microwaves only penetrate (穿过)the skin with no negative effects.
To test this idea, Buffler subjected himself to microwaves in a special room using a standard 500-watt, 2459 MHz magnetron (磁控管). He found that a person will start to feel warmth at about 20 kilowatts per square centimeter (kw/sq. cm); a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 30 and 50 kw/sq. cm. By comparison, a person standing in noonday summer sun feels the amount of 85 kw/sq. cm. And a frozen meat pie in your microwave oven receives about 1000 kw/sq. cm.
In houses of the future, each room could be provided with its own magnetron, says Buffler. When you stepped into the living room, for example, a motion detector (运动感应器) would turn on the magnetron, filling the room with low-power microwaves. In the same way that a microwave oven heats up a hamburger, but not the plate it's on, you would feel warmth from the microwaves without changing the temperature of your coffee table. (You could, however, make your favorite easy chair even more com fortable by treating it with a radiation-absorbing chemical.)
While it might be some time before homeowners are comfortable enough with the idea to set up whole-body microwave heaters in houses, Buffler says microwaves may attract livestock(家畜) farmers. Lambs that are born outdoors in winter, for example, are frequently lost to cold. Microwaves could warm the lambs safely and quickly.
72. What's the passage mainly about?
A. A new heating system. B. A new microwave oven.
C. A popular technique. D. The magnetron.
73. From Para. 2, which of the following is NOT the characteristic of a microwave heater?
A. It is safe. B. It saves energy. C. It directly heats people in a room.
D. It heats walls and furniture in a room.
74. The test shows that when a person feels comfortable warmth, he receives about ________.
A. 20 kw/sq. cm. B. 40 kwlsq. cm. C. 60 kw/sq.cm. D. 85 kw/sq.cm.
75. From Para. 4, we can know that________ fills the room with low-power microwaves.
A. the magnetron B. the motion detector C. the microwave oven
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