“The key thing is NLU – understanding what you mean and what you want,” Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. “Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that’s natural to you.”
59.What is the function of the first two paragraphs?
A. To show that invention usually results from need.
B. To introduce something that offers these helpful services.
C. To clear doubts about voice recognition technology.
D. To picture a convenient future life with new technology.
60. Which step is the most complicated in the process of voice recognition according to the article?
A. Changing the received vibrations into digital data.
B. Analyzing the digital data to see what pronunciations it represents.
C. Putting the pronunciations together into possible words.
D. Figuring out meaningful sentences based on the words.
61. How can you get Siri to respond according to the article?
A. You have to say things in a certain way.
B. You can only speak English and Chinese.
C. You can speak in a natural way as you would to a person.
D. You have to remember keywords and speak specific commands.
62. What can be concluded from the article?
A. Siri can record and save what you say frequently into a computer dictionary.
B. Siri will fail to understand what you say if you make grammatical mistakes.
C. The biggest advantage of Siri is that it’s NLU rather than just voice recognition.
D. Since first applied to Apple products a year ago, Siri has made great improvements.
C
JAPAN’S “purchase” of the Diaoyu Islands has sparked anger among Chinese people. Protests broke out across the country, sending a strong message to the world: the Diaoyu Islands belong to China.
It is necessary that we do not just shout slogans (口号) but can convince others with reason. Some historical facts can help explain why the Diaoyu Islands belong to China.
Terra nullius
Japan’s claim: “The Senkaku Islands (Japanese name for the Diaoyu Islands) were ‘terra nullius’ before Japan discovered them.”
Fact: In 1884, a Japanese explorer named Tatsushiro Koga landed on the Diaoyu Islands and claimed that they were “terra nullius”.
After receiving Koga’s application to exploit (开发) the islands, the Japanese government investigated (调查) and concluded that these islands were already recorded in Chinese documents. It turned down Koga’s application. These facts are recorded in Japan Diplomatic Documents.
However, in 1895 Japan decided that they were uninhabited (无人居住的) and illegally controlled the islands.
Japan argues that according to international law, territory without an owner may be acquired by a state.
But being “uninhabited” doesn’t mean the islands had no owner.
The Diaoyu Islands were within China’s maritime defense sphere (海防范围) as early as the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and have been part of China’s Taiwan. Chinese fishermen have long conducted activity on these islands and in neighboring waters.
Underhand exchange
Japan’s claim: “Under the 1951 Treaty of San Francisco, the Senkaku Islands came under US trusteeship (托管) and were then returned to Japan in 1971, under the Okinawa Reversion Agreement (《归还冲绳协定》).”
Fact: At the end of the S ino-Japanese War (1894-1895), Japan seized the Diaoyu Islands. It forced the Qing government to sign the Treaty of Shimonoseki (《马关条约》) and give up “the Taiwan Islands and their affiliated islands”.
At the end of World War II, the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation ruled that China recovered Taiwan, the Penghu Islands and other territories Japan had occupied before. The Diaoyu Islands were returned to China according to international law.
However, in 1951 Japan and the US, along with other countries, signed the Treaty of San Francisco unilaterally (单方面地), putting the Ryukyu Islands (currently the Okinawa Islands, 冲绳群岛) under US administration.
In 1953, the Okinawa Civil Government of the US illegally expanded the area of its administration to include the Diaoyu Islands and their affiliated islands.
In 1971 in the Okinawa Reversion Agreement, the US unilaterally passed administrative power over the Diaoyu Islands to Japan.
China has never recognized it. This underhand exchange of China’s territory between Japan and the US is illegal and invalid (无效的) since China didn’t take part in any treaty’s preparation, making and signing.
Actual control
Japan’s claim: “In 1896, the Japanese government ‘leased (租用)’ part of the Senkaku Islands to Tatsushiro Koga to explore for 30 years for free. In 1918 his son inherited (继承) it. So Japan has had actual control over the islands.”
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