[析]same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有all the same(仍然)。
[误]- I hope she might pass the exam.- I don't hope so.
[正]- I hope she might pass the exam.- I hope not.
[析]在作肯定回答时,I think so. I hope so. I believe so.但作否定回答时为:I don't think so. I hope/believe not.
[误]- He studied very hard this term.- So she did.
[正]- He studied very hard this term.- So did she.
[误]- English is difficult to learn.- So is it.
[正]- English is difficult to learn.- So it is.
[析]在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语,这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句。如第一组句,即studied hard既适用于he,也适用于she.但答语仅仅是对前句的重复,即仅仅是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如第二组句子为:英语难学。答语为:是的,难学。这时缩写的答语不要用倒装句。
[误]Everyone should do one's best.
[正]Everyone should do his best.
[析]one作代词时,它的复数形式是ones,所有格形式是one's,反身代词为oneself.如果讲One should do one's best.则是对句。如果one与别的词组成其他词,如: someone, anyone, everyone或only one 则要用his/her,来作其所有格形式。
[误]- Who won the game?- None.
[正]- Who won the game?- No one.
[析]由who提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是no one,而由How many提问的句子的否定回答中的简略语是None.如:How many books are there? None.
[误]There are many trees on either sides of the street.
[正]There are many trees on either side of the street.
[正]There are many trees on both sides of the street.
[析]either作代词时由两个含意,其一是两者中随便哪一个,如:You can take either.其二是两者中的每一个。但要注意的是either后要加单数名词,如果作主语则谓语动词也要用单数形式。
[误]Either you or I are right.
[正]Either you or I am right.
[析]在either…or,或neither…nor连接两个主语时,其谓语动词要与和其相近的那个主语相配。
[误]I have three sisters. Neither of them is a doctor.
[正]I have three sisters. None of them is a doctor.
[析]neither用于两者中无一是,而none则用于多于两者中的人或事物无一是。
[误]He doesn't like Beijing opera. I don't like too.
[正]He doesn't like Beijing opera, I don't like either.
[析]either作为"也"讲时,要用于否定句中,而too则用于肯定句中。
[误]We like both this little boy.
[正]We both like this little boy.
[析]both作同位语时,它在句中的位置有:在be动词之后,如:We are both students.在实意动词之前,如:The parents both want to go to the cinema.用于第一助动词之后,如:We have both read these English novels.使用时要注意以下句子的实际含意:Both of us are not right.应译为:我们俩不都对。Neither of us is right.才应译为:我俩都不对。又如:I can't give you both of the books.意为:两本书我不能全给你,而I can't give you either of the books.才为:两本书我全不能给你。
[误]We each has a ticket for the concert.
[正]We each have a ticket for the concert.
[析]each作句子主语时其谓语动词要用单数形式,如:Each of us wants to learn English well,但each作同位语时,则应以原名词的数为准。
[误]Every of us has to pass the exam.
[正]Each of us has to pass the exam.
[析]every只可作形容词,不可作代词,而each既可作形容词,又可作代词,在作形容词时each侧重强调个体,而every 则侧重于全体。
[误]Everyone of us should do housework two hours a day.
[正]Every one of us should do housework two hours a day.
[析]everyone不可与of结构相连接使用,而every one则可以这样用。
[误]I should read English everyday.
[正]I should read English every day.
[析]要注意的是every day是"每天",而everyday则是形容词为"日常的"。如:everyday English日常英语,everyday life日常生活。
[误]There are trees on every sides of the street.
[正]There are trees on each side of the street.
[析]every用于三者或三者以上的每一个,而each用于二者或二者以上的每一个。因为街道只有两侧,所以只能用each而不能用every.
[误]All my parents are engineers.
[正]Both my parents are engineers.
[析]all用于三者或三者以上的全部,而both 则用于两者的全部。
[误]All of students might make some mistakes.
[正]All of the students might make some mistakes.
[正]All students might make some mistakes.
[析]非特指的名词前可用all但不可用all of结构,也就是讲all of结构后面的名词前一定要有定冠词。其他与all有关的习惯用法还有:
all the year round, all week, all day, all winter
[误]The all village was flooded.
[正]All the village was flooded.
[析]all作修饰语时要用在所有修饰词之前。
[误]The post office is on other side of the street.
[正]The post office is on the other side of the street.
[析]单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用another,而特指时则要用the other,因街道只有两边,而不在这边必定是在另一边,所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。
单数 复数
泛指 another形容词 作定语 作名词
another代词 other others
特指 the other形容词
the other代词
the other the others
[误]There are ten students here Where are the others students?
[正]There are ten students here.Where are the others?
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