The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea. Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave, but returns very nearly to its original position. And it is fortunate that this is so. For if the huge masses of water that make up a wave actually moved across the sea, sailing would be impossible.
If we want to find the speed of a wave, we may use the following way:
Speed = wavelength × frequency
Here, wavelength is the distance between two high points (crests), frequency means the number of cycles per second.
68. What causes waves?
A. Earthquakes and nothing else. B. Only wind.
C. Wind causes most waves. D. Wind causes some waves.
69. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The water of a wave moves away across the sea.
B. The water of a wave remains almost at the same place.
C. The water of a wave goes with the passing of the wave.
D. The length of a wave means the distance from the top of a wave to the bottom.
70. The speed of Wave 1 is 100 cm/s, frequency 10. The frequency of Wave 2 is 300, while its speed is twice that of Wave 1. Which of the following is right?
A. The wavelengths of the two are equal.
B. The wavelength of Wave 1 is 10 times longer than that of Wave 2.
C. The wavelength of Wave 2 is longer than that of Wave 1.
D. The wavelength of Wave 1 is longer than that of Wave 2.
E
The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic(赞同的) audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.
My topic is not standards nor its decline(降低). What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.
My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies (缺陷). But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.
The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.
Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived(察觉) as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar(特有的) to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.
71. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that _____.
A. the language of the younger generation is usually inferior(差的) to that of the older
generation
B. the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enough
C. he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen
years
D. English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English
72. In the author’s opinion, the speaker ______.
A. gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students
B. had exaggerated(夸大) the language problems of the students
C. was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs
D. could think and speak intelligently
73. The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is ______.
A. neutral B. positive C. critical D. compromising
74. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.
A. it is justifiable(有理由的) to include English as a school subject
B. the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level
C. English language teaching is by no means an easy job
D. language improvement needs time and effort
75. In the passage the author argues that ______.
A. it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students
B. young people would not commit offences against the language if the teachers did their
jobs properly
C. to eliminate(消除) language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and ears
D. to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generations
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